Update:
Good news on my mosaic program, I got the run-time down from 55 minutes to 3 seconds with some tweaking. The 3 seconds is for a picture 375 x 210 pixels. I also tried a full size 3264 x 2448 pixel photo, it took about 3 and a half minutes to finish. Today I implemented an idea on the project, it seems to bring a bit more color into the mosaic and looks a little more real.
375 x 210 pixel photo:
Original:
A larger photo: Long’s Peak
Long’s Peak Original:
mosaic.py
# Python version = 2.7.2
# Platform = win32
from PIL import Image
import math
import operator
import os
import time
from collections import deque
def quads(im_width, im_height, start_x, start_y):
"""Divides the original picture into quadrants"""
quad_1 = (start_x, start_y, start_x + im_width / 2, \
start_y + im_height / 2)
quad_2 = (start_x + im_width / 2, start_y, \
start_x + im_width, start_y + im_height / 2)
quad_3 = (start_x, start_y + im_height / 2, \
start_x + im_width / 2, start_y + im_height)
quad_4 = (start_x + im_width / 2, start_y + im_height / 2, \
start_x + im_width, start_y + im_height)
return quad_1, quad_2, quad_3, quad_4
def compare(img, x):
"""Inactive Function"""
image2 = Image.open(x)
h1 = img.histogram()
h2 = image2.histogram()
rms = math.sqrt(reduce(operator.add,
map(lambda a,b: (a-b)**2, h1, h2))/len(h1))
return rms
def compare_color(img):
"""Innactive Function"""
dirname = 'C:\\Python27\\Sandbox\\photomosaic\\dali'
pictdb = os.listdir(dirname)
counter = 0
for i in pictdb:
x = os.path.join('C:\\Python27\\Sandbox\\photomosaic\\dali', i)
td = compare(img, x)
counter += 1
if counter == 1:
place_holder = td
if td < place_holder:
place_holder = td
pdb = i
def copy_picture():
pass
def resize_picture(resize_pic, resize_pic_width, resize_pic_height):
"""Resizes the picture database picture to the size of the
cropped quadrant picture, and returns as value 'out'"""
out = resize_pic.resize((resize_pic_width, resize_pic_height))
return out
def find_match(img, d):
dirname = 'C:\\Python27\\Sandbox\\photomosaic\\dali'
pictdb = os.listdir(dirname)
color_value = img_getdata(img)
closest_match = 1000000
red_match = 10000000
green_match = 10000000
blue_match = 10000000
for key, value in d.items():
ismatch_red = abs(value[0] - color_value[0])
if ismatch_red < red_match:
red_match = ismatch_red
match_key_red = key
ismatch_green = abs(value[1] - color_value[1])
if ismatch_green < green_match:
green_match = ismatch_green
match_key_green = key
ismatch_blue = abs(value[2] - color_value[2])
if ismatch_blue < blue_match:
blue_match = ismatch_blue
match_key_blue = key
if red_match <= green_match and red_match <= blue_match:
return pictdb[match_key_red - 1]
elif green_match <= red_match and green_match <= blue_match:
return pictdb[match_key_green - 1]
elif blue_match <= red_match and blue_match <= green_match:
return pictdb[match_key_blue - 1]
else:
print "Error Message"
def img_getdata(img):
"""Returns a 3-length tuple of the average Red, Green and Blue
color values"""
img = img.getdata()
red_counter = 0
green_counter = 0
blue_counter = 0
for rgb in img:
red = rgb[0]
green = rgb[1]
blue = rgb[2]
red_counter += red
green_counter += green
blue_counter += blue
red_average = red_counter / len(img)
green_average = green_counter / len(img)
blue_average = blue_counter / len(img)
color_value = (red_average, green_average, blue_average)
return color_value
def pictdb_getdata(pictdb, dirname):
"""Creates a dictionary entry for each picture in the picture database.
The key will be the counter, the value will be the Red, Green, and Blue
averages as a 3-length tuple. Returns the dictionary 'd'"""
d = {}
counter = 0
for i in pictdb:
dbpic = os.path.join(dirname, i)
dbpic = Image.open(dbpic)
dbpic = dbpic.getdata()
counter += 1
red_counter = 0
green_counter = 0
blue_counter = 0
for rgb in dbpic:
red = rgb[0]
green = rgb[1]
blue = rgb[2]
red_counter += red
green_counter += green
blue_counter += blue
red_average = red_counter / len(dbpic)
green_average = green_counter / len(dbpic)
blue_average = blue_counter / len(dbpic)
color_value = (red_average, green_average, blue_average)
d[counter] = color_value
return d
def create_mosaic(filename, min_size):
"""Creates the mosaic"""
dirname = 'C:\\Python27\\Sandbox\\photomosaic\\dali'
pictdb = os.listdir(dirname)
counter = 0
imc = Image.open(filename)
im = imc.copy()
im_width, im_height = im.size
start_x = 0
start_y = 0
d = pictdb_getdata(pictdb, dirname)
Q = []
switch = 1
xy = quads(im_width, im_height, start_x, start_y)
for i in range(0,4):
Q.append(xy[i])
while switch == 1:
Q = deque(Q)
qn = Q.popleft()
im_width = qn[2] - qn[0]
im_height = qn[3] - qn[1]
start_x = qn[0]
start_y = qn[1]
a = start_x + im_width
b = start_y + im_height
xy = quads(im_width, im_height, start_x, start_y)
if (xy[0][2] - xy[0][0]) < min_size or (xy[0][3] - xy[0][1]) < min_size:
for i in range(0, 4):
#print xy[i]
img = im.crop((xy[i][0], xy[i][1], xy[i][2], xy[i][3]))
match = find_match(img, d)
resize_pic = os.path.join(dirname, match)
resize_pic = Image.open(resize_pic)
resize_pic_width = xy[i][2] - xy[i][0]
resize_pic_height = xy[i][3] - xy[i][1]
paste_pic = resize_picture(resize_pic, resize_pic_width, resize_pic_height)
im.paste(paste_pic, (xy[i][0], xy[i][1]))
counter += 1
if counter == 5:
pass
else:
for i in range(0, 4):
Q.append(xy[i])
if len(Q) == 0:
switch = 0
return im
def save_as(im, outdir):
"""Save the mosaic as im.jpg in the outdir directory"""
im.save(outdir + 'im.jpg', quality = 100)
def main():
"""Main Program"""
start_time = time.clock()
outdir = 'C:\\Python27\\Sandbox\\photomosaic\\'
filename = "C:\\Python27\Sandbox\photomosaic\karan.jpg"
min_size = 10
im = create_mosaic(filename, min_size)
save_as(im, outdir)
run_time = time.clock() - start_time
print "Run time = ", run_time
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Original Post:
How is everyone doing on this Thursday evening? I trust all are doing well and having a good summer.
I am very happy that I got my mosaic project to work today. I was able to output a mosaic from a given photo. The color matching is not yet accurate; however, it does fill in the picture with pictures from the picture database. Yes! – although it is a very preliminary version of the program and took about 55 minutes to run. Yikes! Below is the original picture, my version of the photo mosaic, and the way the mosaic should look.
Original:
My Version:
The way it should look:
I got the idea to do this project from someone who had posted a programming help wanted ad on one of the freelance programming sites. Apparently he wanted someone else to do his homework. Anyway, I got the details and decided to give it a try. Here is the original problem.
